Internal-combustion engine.



' wrF. BROWN. l INTERNAL coMBusTloN ENGINE. APPLICATIDN FILED P EB. 1'3. 1912.

Patented Apr. 10, 1917.

J d zsNEETs-six.

W. F. BROWN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. `APPL|cAT|on msn rfa. 1a, |912.

1,222,067. vPatented Alu-.10,1911

2 SHEETS-suini.

Inni-El INvEN'oR.

7 Wa er T'Brown.

, INTEBNAL-COMBUSTIN ENGINE.

1"To all whom it 'may concern: f'

' Be it known that I,` lVAiL'rna .FI lnoivN, a citizen of the United States, residing at New -L'ond'tunin the county of New London and "Statelfof Connecticut, have in vented certain neiv and useful Iinpiovementsin Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the follow-i ing is a specification.

The invention fori {'ng the subject of this application for pateiillfrelates generally `to internal vcomluistion engines of the four-cycle type; iandniore particularly to engines of said type. in which 'the inlet and exhaust` valves thereof -are-tubular and mounted 1n 15- a valvechest integralwith the main or Work- 'ing cylinder. rThe invention consists in the novel construction andcombination of parts 1 comprising the valve system,` all as hereinafter set forth and claimed.

JIn valve arrangements of internal comy f bustion` engines as sometimes devised, haviingone ormore sleevevalves,'or aicombi- :nation of piston andsleeve valve (one valvewithin the other), ,suchengines have. each a single main porticommunicating IWlth the working cylinder and valve-chest; arranged u whereby the wastegases are exhausted from 'iis the cylinder .through such` single port and through the annular exhaust-valve itself. Xn objection to thisv arrangement isthat,

owingto the Vvery high temperature of said "exhaust gases, the latter acts to practically cannot be maintained against leakage of gas.

`destroy the normal function of the oil or other substance employed for lubricating the surfaces oftheadjacent parts, the result beingjtomaterially :increase the Working fricytionfof. the corresponding elements, thereby,

too,` not only causing rapid Wear of the parts, but also shorteningthe life and Work# ing efficiency of the engine, in that the joints Thepbjects I have in view Aare to over- `./come` o1" practically eliminate the said inherent defects in engines of the class referred to. Toy that endfI provide the engine with two separated, independent main ports leading from the valve-cliest to the cylinder,

land having a water-circulating jacket or an.

nular chamber formed between and around both the ports and encircling the valvechest casing. I employ in my improved en gine two coperable valves an intake valve :iiul an exhaust valve) `which may be termed piston-valves. That is to say, in sleeve or annular valves propel', as usually construct- Specication of Letters `Patent.

Patented Ap Lio, 191i?.

Application filed February 13, 1912. Serial No. 677,317.

ed, wherein one valve isadapted to reciprol cate endivise Within the other, such valves are unprovided with a closed end or a trans'- verse partition. In my `improved valve-gear the body part of the exhaust-valve is anniilar and has a closed top end. Said valves, are concentric and 'slidably mounted inthe valve-chest, one valve (the gas-inlet valve) fitting `and endwiso movable Within ythe other. The fuel-charge of hydro-carbon, or

Y.other suitable gas, of relatively low tempera` ture, passes freely fr 3m the source of supply to 4and throuf'ghA continuously open registering passages formed in the Walls of an end portion of the said i alves, so that When the opposite or discharge end of the inlet-valve is uncovered by the apertured encircling ex` liaiist-valve,the main intake port" is thereby uncovered to admit the charge of explosive mixture or inlet gasfs into the Working cylinder for ignition. The resulting action causes the exploded gas toiimpinge' against the Working piston to rotate the crank and i its shaft. Obviously, the exhaust port lead# `ing from' the cylinder is maintained in a closed position until the .exhaust valve arrivesI at the predetermined pointto release' the exhaust-gases. Obviously, too, 'the main intake port of the cylinder is temporarily closed against the entrance of inlet gases by` the adjacent walls of the exhaust-valve while the main exhaust poi It is uncovered. In myimproved construction and a1'- rangement of the tubular piston-valves, thei y end portions thereof` 'contiguous to the main ports leading fromihe valve-chest into the' cylinderinay be telescoping; that is to Say, the exhaust-valve in such case is provided with an annular spa( e or chamber, Vclosed atthe outer end and of en at the inner or bottom end to receive the corresponding open) or discharge end oi the fellow or lintake valve. 'The portion of the outer Wall of theA exhaust valve lying fminediately contiguous to the annular chamber is provided peripherally with a series of lateral ports or apertures disposed in a common plane. As thus devised, the conjoint endwise movements ofl thetivo valves cause; the inner valve to be' withdrawn from said chamber to` permit the inflowv direct into the cylinder of inlet gases outward through the open discharge end of the intake valve and. laterally through the said apertures; the latter. then registering with the main inlet port leading to the pisi Vton-carrying cylinder, thereby also at the.

' tent, substantially as before stated.

vThe outer or said closed end portion of the exhaust-valve is also adapted to be selfpackng'; that is, the side wall of this valve is providedwith a second annular chamber disconnected from and disposed intermediate the first-named annular chamber and the valves outer end. The said second chamber is in substantially continuous cornmunication with the exhaust port, whereby the pressure-of the gases in the cylinder andI said second chamber are equalized. The

thin .outer wall of the chamber is adapted, owing to its resilience, to automatically press outward against the bore of the valvechest to form a self-packing device.

In order to further increase the eiiiciency of the motor or engine, not only thecylinder and valve-chest are water-jacketed, but also the main inlet and exhaust ports, including the space between them. As thus constructed, the passages for the intake and exhaust gases are kept comparatively cool, thereby correspondingly eliminating the defects usually due to lack of proper lubrication of the valves, especially'engines having tubular valves. Another advantageous result attained is the fact that since the high temper-A ature-exhaust gases do not pass through or around the valve or valves, but over the closed outer end of the exhaust valve, the walls thereof do not become injuriously heated, consequently the lubricating material is enabled to tions. In the accompanying two sheets of drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical central sectional view of a four-cycle type of internal combustion engine embodying my iniprovement; Fig. 1-1- is a sectional view, showing the intake port open: Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional 'View taken on the irregular line 2 2 of Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a similar sectionalnv'iew, in reduced scale, taken on line 3 --3 of Fig. l; Fig. 4: is a back side elevation 'showing portions of the engine base, &c., corresponding with Fig. 1: Fig. 5 is a partial central sectional view, showing the position of the upper portion of the valves at the commencement of the intake stroke; Fig. 6 is a similar sectional view of the parts at the commencement of compression: Fig. 7 is a similar sectional view,I showing the perform its normal funcparts at the beginning of the explosion and expansion stroke; Fig. 8 represents the parts at the commencement of the exhaust or scavenger stroke; Fig. 9 is a side elevation, in enlarged scale, partly in central section, 'showing the upper portion of the exhaust-valve;-

and Fig. 10 is a vertical central section, showing a modication of the valve arrangement.

The following is a more detailed description of my improved internal combustion engine, including the manner of its' operation: f j

It may be stated in advance, however, that the general form, construction and arrange.- ment of the main cylinder A (except .as to the valve-chest), its piston B, its main or .crank-shaft C, the base or housing D, D1, vandl some of the minor members are well known, therefore a description of these ele' ments is not deemed essential herewith. y

The cylinder A is bored to receive a driving-piston B, connected to a pitman B1, which in turn is jointed to the crank-pin C1 of the main shaft C, substantially as usual. The shaft is adapted to be supported in suitable bearings disposed in the housing sections'D, D1, and` having the top or table b of the upper section arranged to receive and support theQyIinderJand its valvechest. This section has a` chambered lateral extension b1 disposed below the valve-chest, l

in which the valve-.actuating` mechanism is mounted for-movement.' The latter is rendered readily accessible upon removing the cover' c.

The valve-chest chamber d is represented as bored longitudinally and disposed parallel with the axis of the cylinder; a removable bonnet d closes the valve-chests upper end. The valve-chest is also provided with .lower and upper lateral hollow extensions or outer nozzles z' and e, adapted to be connecte'd, respectively to pipes for supplying the inlet-gases. to the cylinder and conveying the waste or exhaust-gases therefrom. The upper or head portion of the cylinder is provided with vertically separated, independent main inlet and exhaust ports, p and p1, respectively, in open communication with the valve-chests chamber, the exhaust port being the upper port. It is to be noted ithat not onlyl the cylinder -wise slidablc main intake and exhaust valves I and E. respectively :-The valves are annular and cylindrical; I prefer to inount portion of the valves corthe inner or intake valve in the bore of the other, or exliaust-valve ll, which in turn is movahly fitted t0 the bore or chamber of the valve-chest. tend downwardly through the valvechest and into the chamber below. The `inlet valve I, open at the top, is materially shorter than the outer or exhaust valve F and is provided with a large lateral opening through its lower wall in continuous open communication with said intake nozzle 2'; the inlet valveis also provided with a transverse, gas-tight partition i" located below sai-d `lateral opening for closing the lower end portion of the valve.

The 'other or exhaust-valve E, encircling valve I, has a lateral opening through its wall in continuous open communication both with the said opening ofthe valve I and that of the nozzle z'. The lower end portion of valve E is open and provided exteriorly with a fast collar t adapted to be jointed to a suitable driving-connection, as t3. The opposite or upper portion of the valve is provided with a head or cap member u secured thereto and having its top or outer end closed, as indicated at el. The undersideof the cap has an annular wall e2 extending downward therefrom a suitable distance;

.that is to say, the external length of the member u is substantially the same as the combined thickness of the two ports 1)-p1, plus the depth of the intervening metalV between them. See Fig. 9,-line The part e2 forms, with the outer wall of the main part of the valve E, an annular space or chamber e3, into which the upper open discharge end Iof the inletvalve I is adapted to slide telescopically. l At a point immediately below the lower edge of the caps inner wall e2 the outer wall of the valve is provided pe 'ripherally with a plurality of lateral apertures m arranged in a common plane. the depth of the openings heilig substantially the same asthat of the'contiguous Amam port p.

`Again referring to Fig. 9. ttc.. the head part il of the exhaust-valve 1s self-pack1ng,

. that is` an outer annular space or groove es 5o extends inward Vand upward to form an in vertcd shallow packing chamber e5 whose buter, downwardly extending lia-nge e is quite thin and resilient and provided with vertical slits. e7, at intervals, the construction being such that the pressure ofthe gases in the cylinder r1nd Vpacking-chamber e5 are equalized at substantially all times, thereby adapting the flange e to spring normally outward against the contiguous bore of the valvye-chest to prevent leakage of the gases into theexhaust passage. Obviously, the said two annular chambers, e3., c", are separate and distinct from each other, nor do the saidA slits ever open intothe exhaust duct e. i The valve-gear drlvlng mechanism repre- The valves representedexsented inthe drawings 'is substantially as follows, reference being had to Fig. l:-.5I`o the main crank-shaft C is secured a suitable driving member adapted to transmit power therefrom to a wh eel or member fixed to an eccentric shaft-h r1 ivolubly mounted 'alatj eral extension b1 of the housing section D.

The said power-t1'ansmitting membersemployed may be spr ocketdvvheels connected by a noiseless sprocket-chain or belt-,'orby 'a `train of toothedgearing, or-otherv-suitable means. In the drawings for primary ydriving memberl n, the receiving. wheel-or member nl, secured to shaft l1., and connecting means n2, or chair., are indicated by broken lilies; and since `the engine is of the lfourcycle type, where inthe Amain shaft makes two `full revolutions (being four single reciprocations of the main piston) .to onefrevolution of the said eccentric shaft It, it :follows thatthe speel of rotation of the eccentric shaft is only (ine-half that of the crankshaft. f

i The said eccentric shaft, so'fcalled, is adapted to be suitably supported and provided with a plure lity of disks 'hlhavingiinterposed, angularly separatedpins or eccen- 'tricv journals 1", rl; the latter pin, as drawn,

being in advance'ot' the other and circularly positioned about 90 from it. To .the pinrr is jointed a connecting rodq r2 ext-ending upward 1nto the lo'ver portlon-of the 4inletvalve I'and is in turn jointed to a npin 1 fixed to the valve, wherebylthe latter is positively reciprocateil back and forth, the` degrec of movement obviouslybeing equal lto ter is also jointed to an arm 1 securedto a` rock-shaft t; the angular movements of the latter vibrate a lever or arm t2 xed to the rock-shaft, whiclin turn reciprocates the `valve E througl'. t-he connecting .link ts jointed thereto. This mechanism is Vsomewhat analogous to the so-called Wristplatev-motion. As thus constructed and arranged, the speed of rotation or throw of the two eccentric pins is the. same; the pin r, however, when passing the lower dead center causes the valve I to remain practically .stationary temporarily, while at the same time the forwardly located In 11, and its connections, causes the valve to move upward quickly, thereby positioning its lateral openings m above the open end ofthe inlet- .valve-1 to substantially register with the main inlet-port p, then uncovered, to instantly re.

movements ceive the charge of intake-gases into the cylinder. Immediately succeeding the intake charge the inlet-valve-moves upward past the inlet-passages m of the other valve into the annular chamber el to its limit, the eX- haust-port p1 then being closed. The next succeeding action of the engine causes the 1ntakecharge in the cylinder to be compressed therein, followed by ignition from the 1gniter s and the consequent or resulting explosion and expansion pressure. Upon moving the exhaust valve E downward to uncover the exhaust port, the waste gases are then forced outward therethrough from the cylinder by the piston in its scavenger stroke direct over the top el 'of the then depressed exhaust-valve into the continuously open escape nozzle e. The valves move con]ointly and telesc'opically, but at varying speed ratios and distances, as before stated.

rlhe upper portion a 'of the walls of the valve-chamber d is water-cooled; its corresponding end being capped by a bonnet d1. The lower open end. portion a1 of the valvechest may be turned and tted to the table or top b of the corresponding housing section D. A normally closed opening o is formed in the wall of the valve-chest to facilitate the introduction of lubricating oils.

It is assumed that the function and action of valves in an internal combustion engine Vof theour-.cycle typefor motor cars are well-known. lI have deemed it best to illustrate sectionally my improved valves, "or rather the upper portion thereof, in various positions; these latter represent the said valve parts in connection or relation to that portion of the cylinder in which the main intake and exhaust ports are located. Fig. 5

indicates the position of said parts at the commencement. of the intake stroke; Fig. 6 indicates the relation of the parts at the commencement of the compression stroke; Fig. 7 indicates the parts at substantially the commencement of the explosion and eX- pansion stroke; Fig. 8 indicates the relation of parts at' the commencement of the exhaust or scavenger stroke; and Fig. 1 indicates,

the relative position of the coacting valves at the commencement of endwise separation to uncover the main port p to quickly receive the charge of intake gases into the cylinder. It may be stated that the interior ofthe valves, or valve-chamber, are or may be in continuous open communication with 'the inlet nozzle z'; the intake gases being unable to escape from said chambers except when the valves are separated endwise, as just stated, and substantially as indicated in 'Figyl." @The arrows in said-figure: indicate the corresponding direction of the valves In Fig. 1 of thejdrawings the opposedgastight partitions Hand e1 of the valves I and E. respectively, in coperat'ion with the vwrist-plate motion effect to the exhaustvalve is also actuated by said secondary shaft, the arrangement of the device being such that `while the intake-valve is positively and uniformly acted upon b a pitman connecting the valve and eranr-pin fr, as 'just stated, the character of the reciprocatiou of the exhaust valve E is very materially changed. That is to say, the wrist-plate mechanism operates to impart a more rapid opening and closing movement to the exhaust-valve. Or, in others words, the lap of the last-named valve after having closed the exhaust port p1 causes the valve, .in connection with the wrist-plate mechanism, to remain at rest in the Closed position. a much longer time; the corresponding yor resulting dwell being equal to some 200 of the revolving main crank shaft. The con struction and arrangement of the valve-controlling mechanism keep the exhaust port uncovered during 225 of crank movement, and by reason of the valves inner lap or overthrow the port is kept wide open while the crank moves 850, thereby giving the exhaust-valve an opening area greater` than the port area. Obviously, the proper timing of the parts is assumed to have been made to correspond with the valves lap.

In lieu of the exact arrangement of the valves I and E, represented in Fig. 1, they may be transposed and mounted substantially as indicated in Fig. 10; that is,'the intakevalve I may be the outer one and the exhaust-valve E theinner one. the latter valve may be closed at the top by partition e1 and opposed by an inner partition i2 contiguous to the inlet nozzle i; the valves lower portion is tubular or sleevelike and is adapted to be actuated in an end- In such case The .izo

valve E, is simply a sleeve, open at each end, A

and also being somewhat shorter than the inner or A exhaust-valve E, its bottom end having-the pin 4"* mounted therein. bviously, 'the walls of both valves are cut away adJ-acent'the nozzle In this modification the' major partv of'. the cap or head member' u of the exhaust-valve .may be in-.

tell'ral with i* Mid the Wall p2. thou Hm Y --tubulnr intake v andv e .one `Within thefother, :mdl' athe' valvehes nthere being fenvv millier 593% ,f valve teleseopilil 'saidfspaceatits iihar e end, and means: O1'- 'Qprating the"va1ve, su"

-inder :and .Wilvefehest, fre werking 1 piston; theycylinden ende.. shwit operagivey surrounding the bored 'v.zelve-:chesti 'The means. 4afer aetuatlngzthe velvesns'er-:meybe ther-same es vthat represented. nlig. yl.

What Il Gleim as my `:invention: sind '.:esire 11. In? a selffeontained interneleombustion '.engine; provided with yal mein Avor working `cylimder f1 having .independent llet' en'd ex- `heust ports, a. :bored valve-(thesis hevlng A'therein sutablefmen supplyfand outletfnoz- `zles, yfslrr-elrvtgegi to feomlqumoartewith ports rogisterin .with the eylmderjs perte mend .a,

fmein -shal z :the eonrbtinetionY therewith of a piston mountedwinfseid eylmder,-f mennsrn en .nesting the piston zandmitn-fsha'ft 'orrjlrv- 'in the latter, :a 3pair .,of .smtebly z-ported, `tu. 111er n.takefand exhaust pstonwlves `mounted one yWithinthefother2 xnesad welvevalve yduring a. plunelby of said shaft, and mee11s, meludrng tain times with reletonztophemtekevvhe during eaeh cycle:ofoperaftmns,'eonstrunted' e :waste :or

e latter Mnneovered', and past fthe.- .outer closed end ofi thef.exhaustV-.vallve, dleetf into the valvefeheste-and' itseutletynezzl-ev 2. In an ,internal-eombustlonengine, =ithe let pand# exlm-ust: connection betweenthe connected .with fthe gisten, di .-a. gpaifr if formed rin "the o'uter valve fa A3. -`In y:am internal ieombustioli'-enghmthe Combination Y-wa'fifymhe-1]fnim cylinder. having.

independent "ir-make land 'exhaust fporte ,al

fend: mi continuel; srepeneemmmeet seid @mem a means 4:"`f`e.r ,Home

Idztaeer- 1 epe-rr :oftentimes am end intake =;pistem andvarranged whereby ,theffntake `esesfmfte .l adapted to flown through thepoltsa with@ valves intothemen-nletport ofltherey'lnder when theyare in imita ostion, :the g arrangement also permttinfgf exhaust gases .to epass; out vreely -ffrom the f ,elnderz through, its main exhaust; port, when t eem mation, der -w hf evil elflst'velvesrerrenged. vehreelmet,v

ieder, snssuitably dr'rvenfmengpistemmenntf ed@heren/1f` a web vrilieketedvelvevehestgpm vided with 4I4spemefeii repertwwntergjfeekehe ,hintheother posed :tubular lmtafke :and:

meting :In an intel nel combustion ,eegi-ne,

.embfustim-zenginei 'so Aus a valve-chest provided with main inde ndent inlet and exhaust ports leading t erefrom into the cylinder, of slidable tubular intake and exhaust piston-valves concen- -trically mounted in the valve chest, one within the other (theexhaust-valve being the outermost), and means adapted, when in use, for actuating the valves to uncover the 'i main inlet port and permit the direct inflow -ton and independent main inlet and exhaust ports-in direct communication with said cylinderand valve-chest, the combination therewith ofan endwise slidable', laterally-apertured tubular exhaust-valve -fitting the valve-chest, the walls of the upper portion of y the valve being. ladapted to: practicall close both the said. pprts, an endwise Inova le tubularintake valve o en at its outerfor discharge and,- mounte Vconceiitrically -or telescopically within the exhaust-valve, and means, including a wrist-plate' motion device actuatedby the main shaft of the en- 'gine for-controlling the movements .of the said telescoped valves', whereby the exhaustvalve is caused to uncover the main exhaust port and permit a free escape of the waste gases direct from the cylinder and over rthe up er end of the exhaust-valve into the va ve-chest and exhaustipe, said valvecontrolling means 'being a so adapted to uncover the main inlet-port for the introduction into' the cylinder of the inlet-gases through'the said valves.

9. In aninternal ycombustion engine, the

combination with a main cylinder having inlet and exhaust orts and a' valve-chest communicating wit said ports, of a laterally apertured tubular exhaust-valve closed at the outer or top end and endwise slidable in the valve-chest, said 4valve being self-packing and. also arranged to both uncover and closesaid `exhaust-port, a tubular intake-valve slidable within theexhaust valve in open 'communication with the inlet gas supply,

its outer or. discharge end open,

/lieviai where' vvy the intake charge of lgas is adapted v Y to flow direct from the intake valve into the L $0 inlet-port and cylinder when the saidV flaterala rtures :of the exhaust-valve'r "ster with he last-named port, and means for eiecting the movements of both valves.

510., In an internal combustion engine, the

fcombinationwith the main cylinderghaving inde endent main inlet and exhaust ports for the intake and exhaust gases, respectively, and a bored valve-chest communicating with the ports, of a pair of slidable tubular iston-valves mounted concentrically one within the other in the valve-chest, the exhaustvalve being laterally apertured and closed at the outer end, and a self-packing device integral with the exhaust-valve, comprising a narrow annular chamberf'liaving lts outer wall somewhat resilient andprovided with' openings therethrough, whereby the presence of gases in the said chamber and cylinder are equalized, for thepurpose set forth.

11. In an internal combustion engine, having a main cylinder and bored valvechest provided with independent intervening main inlet and exhaust ports, a laterally A apertured, tubular exhaust valve, mounted 85 for sliding movement in the valve-chest, the

end of said valve contiguous to said "ports being closed at theV top and having the adjacent side wall of the-valve provided longitudinally with a. comparatively short and gg narrow annular-chamber whose outer lateral wall possees aide*v ree4 of resiliency, and means adapted for t e continuous introduction into said annular `chamber of a limited volume of the cylinder-gases, for the pur- 12. In an'internal .combustion engine, provided with` a main piston-carrying cylinder and a .portedj valve-chest communicating with the cylinder-,a airjof laterally ported tubular valves, one. siic'lable within the other in said v a'lve-cliest'and constituting', when in use, intake 4and exhaust-valves, means, including a normallyvre'voluble crank for actuating the intake valve, and mechanism em,-I bodying a wrist-platemotion device operatively connectedto the exhaust-valve for chan ing thecharacter of the. reciprocation-` .relatively to that'of thezintake-valve, whereby, when in use, the exhaust-valve has iiniic parted to it an accelerated opening and lclos- Aing movement and a greatly increased amount of relatively stationary dwell when the exhaust valve is in the closed position.

13 In an internal combustion engine, the 115 combination of a power-cylinder provided with independent main intake and exhaust l ports, a pair of ported tubular valves arranged with respect to said main cylinder ports, said valves having one slidable withinthe other and constitutng,'when in use, an intake'- valve and an exhaust-valve, means, including a revolubly driven member for actuating said 'intake-valye, mediar recip'rocatory movements', and a rotary main crank-shaft from which the said valve-operating mechanisms are driven.

14. The combination in an internal coinbustion engine provided with a mam cyllnder having a ported valve-chest connectedtherewith, a driving piston mounted for reciprocating movements in the cylinder, a main or crank-shaft, and a pitman connecting said piston and crank-shaft, of telescoping inner and outer tubular valves, mounted for reciprocation in said ported valve-chest,

a suitably mounted eccentric shaft driven from said crank-shaft, valve operating mechanism consisting of a direct connection between said eccentric shaft and said inner valve, and Wrist-plate motionrmeans interposed between said eccentric shaft and said outer valve for controlling the 'intake and exhaust gasesv to and from the said main cylinder. f

15. In an upright engine of the internal combustion type, having the main cylinder and valve-chest elements thereof in communication with 'each other through independent inlet and exhaust orts, the valve-chest itselfhaving suitably isposed inlet and exhaust ducts adapted to connect with the main intake and exhaust pipes, respectively, the combination therewith `of anelongated annular exhaust piston-valve mounted t0 reciprocate in and fitting the bore of said "valve-chest; said valve having its top end closed and its side wall latera ly apertured, an annular intake piston-valve slidably fitting the bore of said exhaust-valve'having its upper. end open, the lower end portion f' being closed, means forintermittently plac-Y ing the said open end of the inlet valve, the lateral openings of the exhaust-.valve and the independent inlet-port in ljuxtaposition so as to freely receive therethrough charges of inlet-gas into the cylinder for ignition, and means for moving the exhaust-valve to uncover the exhaust-port and also close the inlet-port, whereby 'the gases exhausted from the cylinder flow outward therefrom, over the closed end of the exhaust valve and direct into the valve-chest and exhaust-y` 16. Inan internal combustion engine, the combinationwith a main cylinder,` a valvechest having outer intake' and exhaust nozzles, main inlet and exhaust ports in direct communication with said cylinderand valve-chest, a working piston in the cylinder, and .a driving-shaft operatively connected with the piston, of a pair of ported movable intake and exhaust valves disposed in the valve-chest, direct means for reciprocating one of the said valves of the pair,

a'nd independent means; including a wristA closed bythe said valve.

plate motion device, for reciprocating the other valve to cause a change 1n the character of its reciprocation with respect to the action of the first mentioned valve, constructed and arranged whereby, when in use, the inlet gases are caused to pass through the corresponding intake ports into the cylinder and the exhaust gases to pass outward from the cylinder and discharge into the outer exhaust passage.

17. In an internal combustion engine, having a main cylinderlmd valve-chest provided with main intake and exhaust ports, inlet and discharge passages communicating with the valve-chest for live and waste gases, respectively, a main piston fitting the bore of the cylinder and a revolubly mount ed crank-shaft connected to and actuated by the piston,'the combination therewith of a pair of ported tubular valves, constituting 'intake and exhaust-valves slidable one Within the other in said valve-chest, means, iincluding a, normally revoluble crank operatively connected to one of the valves, and mechanism, including a wrist-plate motion device, operatively conrected to the other valve, whereby, when in use, the latter valve has imparted to it an accelerated `opening and closing movement and a materially increased relatively stationary dwellwhen it is in the closedposition.

18. In a self-contained internal combus-V tion engine arranged to receive gaseous fuel and also to .discharge the waste gases, the combination of a power cylinder provided with a ported valve-chest, a pair of ported slidable tubular valves mounted one within the other in the valve ciest of the engine, said slidable members constituting intake and exhaust valves, meais operated by the .I

engine for 'actuating one of said valves, and mechanism, including a wrist-plate motion device, also operated by the engine, for actuating the other one of iaid valves, whereby, Vwhen the engine is in operation, the lastnamed valve has imparted to it accelerated opening and closing movements, the action of said device also imparting to` the said valve a relatively increased degree of rest or dwell while the corre onding port of the valve-chest remains fillly coveredl or In testimony whereof, I have affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WALTER F. BROWN.

Witnesses:

CALVIN H. BROWN, Y GEo. H. REMINGTO s.

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